Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings Fed Different Inclusion levels of Soaked Coffee (Senna occidentalis) Seed Meal

International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science

© 2022 by SSRG - IJAES Journal

Volume 9 Issue 2

Year of Publication : 2022

Authors : Michael Kesonga Garduga, Kefas Mathias, Solomon Kwano, Amos Nuhu

10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V9I2P103

How to Cite?

Michael Kesonga Garduga, Kefas Mathias, Solomon Kwano, Amos Nuhu, "Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings Fed Different Inclusion levels of Soaked Coffee (Senna occidentalis) Seed Meal," SSRG International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science, vol. 9,  no. 2, pp. 22-28, 2022. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V9I2P103

Abstract:

Growth Performance of Clariasgariepinus fingerlings fed different inclusion levels of soaked (Sennaoccidentalis) seed meal was carried out for 40days. the coffee seed was soaked for 24 hours’; water was frequently added to soften the seed coats and de-coated. After then, the seeds were spread under the sun for several hours and mill to powder form. 40% crude protein diets were formulated using the Pearson square method in which coffee seed meals were included at different inclusion levels of D10%, D2-10%, D3-20%, D4-30%, and D5-40%. Proximate and Anti-nutrients analyses of raw and soaked Sennaoccidentalis seed meals were screened. 100 Clariasgariepinus fingerlings were acclimatized for 24hours and stocked in a 25L circular plastic bowl. the initial weight and length were taken at the beginning of the experiment and also weekly to adjust the quantity of feed given to the fish at 5% body weight. Water quality was measured. the costbenefit analysis was also determined. the result of the experiment shows that the best mean weight gains, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio protein efficiency ratio, and gross energy were from fish fed with D2. the temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and Ammonia concentration within the treatments were not significantly different (p<0.05). the highest gross profit and benefit-cost ratio were recorded in D2. Based on findings from this research, 10% inclusion of coffee seed meal can replace soybean without affecting the profit of the fish farmers.

Keywords:

Sennaoccidentalis, Clariasgariepinus, Growth, Proximate Composition, and Anti-nutrients. 

References:

[1] H. A. Adewole and V. F. Olaleye, Growth Performance in ClariasgariepinusFingerlings fed Blood Meal – Bovine Rumen Digesta Blend Diets. Ife Journal of Science, 16 (3) (2014) 495-503.
[2] N. Dulvy and E. Allison, A Place at the Table?Nature Reports.Climate Change 3 (2009) 68–70.
[3] FAO,the State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. FAO, Rome.(2014) 223. 
[4] J. Umaru,J. Auta, S. Oniye and P. Bolorunduro, Growth and economic performance of African catfish, Clariasgariepinus (Burchell,1822) Juveniles to imported and local feeds in floating bamboo cages, International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 4(2), (2016) 221226.
[5] A. P. Ekanem, V. S. Eyo, A. I. Obiekezie, U. I. Enin, and P. J. Udo,A Comparative Study of the Growth Performance and Food Utilization of the African Catfish (Clariasgariepinus). Fed Unical Aqua Feed and Coppens Commercial Feed.Journal of Marine Biology and Oceanography, 1 (2) (2012) 1-6.
[6] A. O. Tunde, O. S. Oluwagbemiga, A. Babatunde, and O.O. Oluseyi,the Growth Performance of African Catfish (Clariasgariepinus) Fed Commercially Prepared Imported Fish Feeds. International Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1(3) (2018) 57-61.
[7] P. Li, K. Mai, J. Trushenski, and G. Wu, (2009). New developments in fish amino acid nutrition: towards functional and environmentally oriented aquafeeds. Amino Acids, 37 (2009) 43–53.
[8] P. Edwards,C. K. Lin, and A. Yakupitiyage, Semi-intensive pond aquaculture.  In: Beveridge, M.C.M. and McAndrew, B.J., (Eds.) Tilapias: Biology and Exploitation, Great Britain: Kluwer Academic Publishers. (2000) 327-375.
[9] FAO, the State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. FAO, Rome. (2012) 209.
[10] N. Daniel, Status of aquaculture concerning nutrition and feed. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 5(1) (2017) 333 345.
[11] I. Eunice, A.Adejoke, O. James, E. Josephine, and O. Grace, Effects of Varying Levels of Moringaoleiferaon Growth Performance and Nutrient Utilization of ClariasgariepinusPost-Fingerlings. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 32(1) (2017) 79-95. [12] B. Glencross, M. Booth, and G. Allan, A Feed Is Only as Good as Its Ingredients: A Review of Ingredient Evaluation Strategies for Aquaculture Feeds. Aquaculture Nutrition, 13(2007) 17–34.
[13] Y. R. Yue, and Q. C. Zhou, Effect of Replacing Soybean Meal With Cottonseed Meal on Growth, Feed Utilization, and Hematological Indexes for Juvenile Hybrid Tilapianiloticus .O. Aureus. Aquaculture, 284 (2009) 185-189.
[14] C. Augustine, B. S. Abdulrahman, B. Masudi, and A. M. Rahab, Comparative evaluation of the proximate composition and anti-nutritive components of Sennaobtusifolia(Cassia obtusifolia) and Sennaoccidentalis(Cassia occidentalis) indigenous to Mubi Area of Adamawa State Nigeria. International Journal of Management and Social Science Research, 3(2013) 9-12.
[15] A. A. Adebayo and A. L. Tukur, Adamawa State in maps publication Department of Geography, Federal University of Technology Yola, in Co-operate with paraclete publications. A division of paraclete and sons Nigeria, (1999).
[16] A. Waters-Bayer, Soybean Daddawa: An innovation by Nigerian women, (1988).
[17] AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists), Official Methods of Analysis, Association of Official Analytical Chemists.17th Edition.Washington DC, USA. (2004) 67 - 78.  
[18] O. A. Sogbesan, N. Ajuonu, B. O. Musa, andA. M. Adewole, Harvesting Techniques and Evaluation of Maggot Meal as Animal Dietary Source for 'Heteroclarias' in Outdoor Concrete Tanks. World Journal of Agricultural Science 2(4) (2006) 394-402.
[19] I.Emmanuel, O. Adeson,O. Adekunle, and O. Oluwafemi, Effect of Fermentation on the Physicochemical Properties and Nutritional Valuable Mineral of Locust Bean (Parkiabiglobosa). American Journal of Food Technology, 12(6) (2017) 379-384.
[20] Yashin, Y.I.; Ryzhnev, V.Y.; Yashin, A.Y.; Chernousova, N.I. Natural Antioxidants: Their Content in Foods and Impact of Human Health and Aging; TransLit: Moscow, Russia, 200 
[21] Yashin, Y.I.; Ryzhnev, V.Y.; Yashin, A.Y.; Chernousova, N.I. Natural Antioxidants: Their Content in Foods and Impact of Human Health and Aging; TransLit: Moscow, Russia, (2009).
[22] M. S. Tamburawa, Effect of locust bean seed meal diets on the performance and carcass characteristics of Broiler chickens. A Ph.D. the proposal, Presented at the post-graduate seminar series of the Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University (A.B.U) Zaria, (2010).
[23] R. T. Lovell, Nutrition and Feeding of Fish.Springer Science and Business Media, USA.(1989)  267.
[24] NRC, Nutrition requirement of fish, Committee on Animal Nutrition, Board on Agriculture. National Research Council.National Academy Press, Washington, D.C, (1993).
[25] A. Kanazawa, Essential fatty acids and lipid requirements of fish. In nutrition and feeding in fish, Academic Press London. (2000) 70-87.
[26] O. A. Oso, R.Sobayo, V. Jegede, A.Fabiola, O. S.Iyasere, P. Dele, A.Bamgbose, and A. Cecilia, Animal Science Journal, 82(3) (2011) 468-474.    
[27] E. A. Fasakin, B. A. Falaye, and A. A.Eyo, Inclusion of Poultry Manure in Diets for Nile Tilapia (Oreochromisniloticuslinn), Journal Fisheries Technology, 2 (2000) 51-56.
[28] A. A.A. Ugwumba, O. A. Sogbesan and A.A.A.Ugwumba,Nutritional values of Some Nonconventional Animal Feedstuffs used as Fishmeal Supplemented in Aquaculture Practices in Nigeria. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 8 (2008) 159-164.
[29] R. S. Bradley,H. F. Diaz, J. K. Eischeid, P. D. Jones,P. M. Kelly, and P. M. Goddess, Precipitation Fluctuation Over Northern Hemisphere Land Areas Since the Mid-19th Century. Science 237 (1994) 171-175.  
[30] S. Craig, and I. A.Helfrich, Understanding Fish Nutrition, Feeds, and Feeding. Virgin Cooperative Extension Publication, (2002) 420-256.
[31] H. O. Egharevba and F. O. Kunle, Preliminary Phytochemical and Proximate Analysis of the leaves of Piliostigmathonningii(Schumach) Milne- Redhead. Ethnobotanical Leaflets, 14 (2010) 570-577.
[32] A. S. Fagberon, B. Newt and L. Musa, Effect of enclosure color on growth performance of Clariasgariepinus. Journal of Nigeria Science Sed. (1996) 49  
[33] A. A. Dada, Use of fluted pumpkin (Telfairiaoccidentalis) leaf powder as feed additive in African catfish (Clariasgariepinus) fingerlings. International Journal of BiologicalChemical Sciences 9(1) (2015) 301307.
[34] E. O. Adeparusi, A. A.  Dada and O. V. Alale, Effects of Medicinal Plant (Kigelia Africana) on Sperm Quality of African Catfish ClariasGariepinus(Burchell, 1822) Broodstock.Journal of Agricultural Science 2 (1) (2010) 791-795.
[35] I. J. Ochokwu, L. U. Onyia, and K. O. Ajijola, Effect of Azanzagarckeana(Goron Tula) Pulp Meal Inclusion on Growth Performance of ClariasgariepinusBroodstock (Burchell, 1822). Nigeria Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 14 (2014) 134-146.
[36] O. O. Fafioye, S. O. fadage, A. A. Adebisi, andG. K. A.Omoyinmi, Effect of Dietary Soybean on Growth Performance and Body Composition of African Catfish (Clariasgaripinus,Burchell) Fingerlings. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 5 (2005) 11-15.
[37] J. N. Duniya, Effect of processed locust bean seeds (Parkiabiglobosa) substituted diet on the growth of mud catfish (ClariasgariepinusBurchell) Unpublished Msc, thesis, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria, (2006) 64.
[38] C. F. Boyd and F. Lichotkopler, Water quality management in pond fish culture. Researchand Development Series No.22.project AID/DSAN-G0039, (1979) 30.
[39] E. A. Adesulu,Pisciculture: Essential production information, 1st Edition, Communiucation Limited, Lagos, Nigeria, (2001) 118.
[40] D. C. Anyanwu, Effects of some tropical plants leaf meals on the Performance of Heteroclarias (H. bidorsalis x C. gariepinus). Ph.D. Thesis, Fed. Uni. of Techno, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria, (2007) 203.