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New Product Development for Eco-Friendly Edible Film: Formulation Gelatin - Chitosan from Shrimp Shell Waste with Bacterial Cellulose Powder

International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science
© 2025 by SSRG - IJAES Journal
Volume 12 Issue 6
Year of Publication : 2025
Authors : Muhammad Yusuf, Rizki Adji Santoso, Yunan Kholifatuddin S, Nurhidajah, Siti Aminah, Muhammad Alfian H, Putri Nadia S, Musarofah, Ali Khamdi
10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V12I6P102
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How to Cite?

Muhammad Yusuf, Rizki Adji Santoso, Yunan Kholifatuddin S, Nurhidajah, Siti Aminah, Muhammad Alfian H, Putri Nadia S, Musarofah, Ali Khamdi, "New Product Development for Eco-Friendly Edible Film: Formulation Gelatin - Chitosan from Shrimp Shell Waste with Bacterial Cellulose Powder," SSRG International Journal of Agriculture & Environmental Science, vol. 12,  no. 6, pp. 10-16, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23942568/IJAES-V12I6P102

Abstract:

Indonesia produces 180,000 tons of shrimp shell waste annually, which has the potential to be processed into gelatin and chitosan for the manufacture of environmentally friendly edible films as a solution to the problem of plastic waste, namely 100 billion bags per year. However, gelatin and chitosan-based films tend to have low mechanical strength and poor water retention capabilities. To overcome this, reinforcement with bacterial cellulose obtained from nata de coco was carried out, due to its nanofiber structure and lignin-free content. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with one factor, namely the concentration of bacterial cellulose (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%), with 4 replications each, to test its effect on thickness, fiber content, water solubility, and water content. The results showed that increasing the concentration of bacterial cellulose had a significant impact (based on ANOVA p<0.05 and Duncan's test α=0.05) on all measured parameters. The film thickness increased from 0.04 mm (at 0% concentration) to 0.15 mm (at 10% concentration), the optimal fiber content was in the range of 73.95-74.08% (8-10% concentration), the water solubility decreased from 76.75% to 32.61%, and the water content decreased from 17.06% to 13.69% (in accordance with the SNI standard of a maximum of 16%). The formula with a concentration of 8-10% produced a denser matrix through the formation of hydrogen bonds, thereby increasing the stability of the film as a biodegradable packaging material for dry or semi-wet products. Thus, the addition of bacterial cellulose was effective in improving the physical and functional properties of gelatin-chitosan films, making them a sustainable alternative to replace the use of plastic.

Keywords:

Edible film, Gelatin-chitosan, Bacterial cellulose, Thickness, Fiber content.

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