Citation :

Haerani Asri, Muhammad Yamin Jinca, Johni Malisan, Ganding Sitepu, "Development Strategy for Marine Tourism Transportation in the Spermonde Islands Region (Case Study in Pangkep, South Sulawesi)," International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 337-350, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V13I6P123

Abstract

Pangkajene and Islands Regency has great potential in the marine tourism sector, especially in the island clusters in the L. Tupabbiring, L. Tupabbiring Utara, L. Kalmas, and L. Tangaya areas. However, the development of tourism in this region still faces obstacles due to the low performance of sea transportation. This research aims to assess the actual condition of the sea transportation system in supporting the connectivity and accessibility of island tourist destinations. The research method is descriptive, qualitative, and quantitative, through the application of IPA analysis to map improvements prioritized based on the level of importance and performance of marine tourism transportation indicators. Furthermore, a SWOT analysis was conducted to develop a development strategy based on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The variables analyzed included aspects of accessibility, connectivity, cruise schedules, service reliability, port infrastructure, and support for tourism activities. The results of the study show that limited port infrastructure, irregular shipping schedules, and the lack of integration of the inter-island transportation network are obstacles to mobility for the community and tourists. Therefore, an inclusive and planned marine transportation development strategy is needed to improve regional connectivity and encourage the growth of marine tourism in the islands of Pangkajene and Islands Regency.

Keywords

Sea Transportation, Islands Tourism, Accessibility, Connectivity, SWOT.

References

1. Debi Nadia Putri, and I Made Andi Arsana, “A Study of the Geospatial Aspects of Regency and City Characteristics of Islands in Indonesia,” Geoid, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 253-264, 2023.
   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
2. Agus Salim Ridwan, and Sri Hartini, “Analysis of Indonesian Maritime Transportation,” Journal of Regional and City Planning, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 49-59, 1997.
   [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
3. Robert Verhaeghe, Ronald A. Halim, and Lóránt Tavasszy, Chapter 6 - Optimizing the Efficiency of the Future Maritime Transport Network of Indonesia, Freight Transport Modeling in Emerging Countries, Elsevier, pp. 109-134, 2021.
   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
4. Review of Maritime Transport 2021, United Nations Publications, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, pp. 147, 2021.
   [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
5. Ratna Rahayu Pujiastuti, and Prime Minister Ananda Samekto, “Utilization of Sea Transportation to Increase the Growth of the Tourism Sector,” Journal of Maritime Science and Technology, vol. 19, no. 2, 151-164, 2019.
   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
6. Marilena Papageorgiou, “Coastal and Marine Tourism: A Challenging Factor in Marine Spatial Planning,” Ocean & Coastal Management, vol. 129, pp. 44-48, 2016.
   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
7. Azmat Gani, “The Logistics Performance Effect in International Trade,” The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistic, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 279-288, 2017.
   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
8. Qi Wang, and Shaokai Lu, “The Influence of Hybrid Accessibility on Tourism Economy in Prefecture-Level Cities: Evidence from China's High-speed Rail Network,” Journal of Transport Geography, vol. 104, 2022.
   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
9. Angela Stefania Bergantino et al., “Regional Multimodal Accessibility: Policies and Strategies for Sustainable Tourism Destinations in Coastal Areas,” Research in Transportation Business & Management, vol. 48, 2023.
   [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
10. Wahyu Wisnu Wardana et al., “Does Improved Accessibility Translate into Tourism Growth? A Difference-in-differences Analysis of Bridge Infrastructure in Indonesia,” Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1-11, 2025.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
11. Nguyen Van Truong, and Tetsuo Shimizu, “The Effect of Transportation on Tourism Promotion: Literature Review on Application of the Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model,” Transportation Research Procedia, vol. 25, pp. 3096-3115, 2017.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
12. Francesca Pagliara, Massimo Aria, and Filomena Mauriello, Chapter 2 - Transportation Choice in Tourism and Travel: A Bibliometrics Literature Review, Models and Applications of Tourists’ Travel Behavior, pp. 21-46, 2025.
    [CrossRef] [Publisher Link]
13. Navid Nadimi et al., “Facilitating Elderly Tourism by Sustainable Transportation,” Research in Transportation Economics, vol. 112, 2025.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
14. Guangqin Li, Kangyun Pu, and Minghui Long, “High-speed Rail Connectivity, Space-time Distance Compression, and Trans-regional Tourism Flows: Evidence from China's Inbound Tourism,” Journal of Transport Geography, vol. 109, 2023.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
15. Sudan Zhuang et al., “Coupling Coordination Analysis between Railway Transport Accessibility and Tourism Economic Connection during 2010–2019: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Delta,” Research in Transportation Business & Management, vol. 55, 2024.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
16. UNWTO 2022: A Year in Review, UNWTO, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.untourism.int/unwto-2022-a-year-review
17. William F. Vásquez, Valeria Ochoa-Herrera, and Cristina Mateus, “Heterogeneous Preferences for Cleaner Maritime Transportation in the Tourism Sector: A Choice Experiment from the Galápagos Islands,” Research in Transportation Business & Management, vol. 61, 2025.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
18. Nyoman Nyoman Budiartha RM, and Ida Bagus Putu Adnyana, “The Development of Marine Transportation System in Supporting Sustainable Tourism Case Study: Nusa Penida Island, Bali Indonesia,” Journal of Sustainable Development, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 89-95, 2016.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
19. Sukma Gita Lasdianti Salahudin Saiman, “Tourism Infrastructure Development Study,” The Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 341-353, 2022.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
20. Henny Indriyani Abulebu, Taslim Bahar, and Ratnasari Ramlan, “The Benefits of Information System-Based Transportation Service Data for Enhancing Tourism Development in Central Sulawesi,” Journal of Science and Technology Tadulako, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 124-139, 2025.
    [CrossRef] [Publisher Link]
21. Fatkhurohim, and Imam Basuki, “Analysis of Intermodal Transportation Services in the Borobudur National Tourism Strategic Area,” The Silitek Engineering Journal, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 232-239, 2025.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
22. Adenanthera L Dewa et al., “Analysis of Seaports Efficiency in Supporting Inter-island Transportation,” Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 53-60, 2018.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
23. Jameel Khadaroo, and Boopen Seetanah, “Transport Infrastructure and Tourism Development,” Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 1021-1032, 2007.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
24. Beatriz Tovar, Rubén Hernández, and Héctor Rodríguez-Déniz, “Container Port Competitiveness and Connectivity: The Canary Islands Main Ports Case,” Transport Policy, vol. 38, pp. 40-51, 2015.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
25. Livia Annas, Baharuddin Hamzah, and Venny Veronica Natalia, “Traditional Shipping Service: Crew and Passengers’ Understanding of Safety and Security Implementation (Cased Study: Maccini Baji Port, Pangkep Regency),” Pakistan Journal of Life & Social Sciences, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 22998-23018, 2024.
    [Google Scholar]
26. Firman Ananda, “Study on Shipping Safety of Ships in the Pangkajene Islands Islands,” Dissertation, Hasanuddin University, pp. 1-19, 2021.
    [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
27. Petrus Filippus Latumahina, Syamsul Asri, and Andi Sitti Chaerunnisa, “Sea Transportation Network Pattern of Island Clusters in the Pangkajene Islands Regency Area,” Journal of Engineering Research, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 195-207, 2019.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
28. Glen Jimmy Latumahina, Misliah Idrus, and Andi Chairunnisa, “Performance Analysis of Pioneer Transportation Services in Liukang Tangaya District, Pangkajene and Kepulauan Regency,” Engineering Research Journal, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 51-57, 2020.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
29. Syahrony Rahim, “Analyses For Marine Transportation For Marine Transportation Fleets That Will Be Operated In The Liukang Kalmas District,” Dissertation, Universitas Hasanuddin, pp. 56-69, 2021.
    [Google Scholar]
30. Alfiah Muthmainnah, “Analysis of Transportation Infrastructure and Service Networks in the City of Liukang Tupabbiring Islands, Pangkep Regency,” Dissertation, Hasanuddin University, pp.1-34, 2007.  
    [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
31. Nurwahidah et al., “Development Strategy for Rural Transportation Services in Island Cluster of Pangkep Regency,” International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, vol. 73, no. 6, pp. 30-41, 2025.
    [CrossRef] [Publisher Link]
32. Reskyah Fitriani, and Nisrina Imtiyaz, “The Influence of Sea Transportation in Supporting Economic Growth in South Sulawesi,” Marine Science and Technology Research, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 30-33, 2023.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
33. Tumpal Manik et al., “Development of Maritime Economy and Coastal Economy to Improve Competitiveness and Coastal Economic Growth in Riau Island Province,” Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 158-172, 2019.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
34. Yali Zhang et al., “The Economic Benefits and Environmental Costs of Trans-Eastern Tourism in China,” Environmental Impact Assessment Review, vol. 108, 2024.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
35. Stephen Hynes et al., “Alternative Approaches to Measuring the Value of Tourism in Marine and Coastal Areas in Ocean Economy Accounting,” Marine Policy, vol. 168, pp. 1-12, 2024.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
36. Vidhi Saluja et al., “The Perceived Impact of Tourism Development and Sustainable Strategies for Residents of Varkala, South India,” International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 184-195, 2022.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
37. Cheryl Joy Fernandez-Abila et al., “Characterizing the Sustainable Tourism Development of Small Islands in the Visayas, Philippines,” Land Use Policy, vol. 137, 2024.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
38. Ana Leiras et al., “Accessible Tourist Destinations: A Bifactorial Image Model of Perceived Image,” Tourism Management Perspectives, vol. 58, pp. 1-14, 2025.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
39. John A. Martilla, and John C. James, “Importance-Performance Analysis,” Journal of Marketing, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 77-79, 1977.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
40. Ilham Junaid, “Strengthening Local Transportation Modes to Support Morotai Island Regency as a Leading Tourist Destination,” Journal of Regions and Environment, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 14-25, 2019.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
41. Cut Hayatul Magfirah, A. Razak, and Achmad Mustofa, “The Impact of Tourism on Mount Geurute Aceh Jaya in Increasing Traders' Income,” Journal of Social Education & Humanities, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 404-419, 2026.
    [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]