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Volume 13 | Issue 9 | Year 2026 | Article Id. IJCE-V13I9P121 | DOI : https://doi.org/10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V13I9P121

Emerging Hydroclimatic Signals of Global Climate Change in Equatorial Indonesia: Evidence from Borneo Island

Ulfa Fitriati, Gusti Rusmayadi, Gusti Muhammad Hatta, Dewi Anggraini

Received Revised Accepted Published
13 May 2026 08 Sep 2026 11 Sep 2026 29 Sep 2026

Citation :

Ulfa Fitriati, Gusti Rusmayadi, Gusti Muhammad Hatta, Dewi Anggraini, "Emerging Hydroclimatic Signals of Global Climate Change in Equatorial Indonesia: Evidence from Borneo Island," International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 13, no. 9, pp. 345-358, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V13I9P121

Abstract

Global climate change has become an increasingly pressing environmental issue, with significant impacts on atmospheric, hydrological, and ecological systems across the globe. Borneo Island is a strategic region for climate change studies, given its extensive tropical forest cover, peatland presence, and rapid land-use changes due to human activities such as deforestation and oil palm plantation expansion. These changes not only affect local conditions but can also amplify feedbacks to the regional climate system through changes in evapotranspiration, albedo, and the hydrological cycle. This study aims to interpret the results as evidence of the emergence of global climate change signals in the equatorial region of Indonesia. The research was conducted on the island of Borneo, located on the equator and characterized by a humid tropical climate. The data used includes: rainfall, air temperature, humidity, sunshine duration, and wind speed. The data source is from 23 ground-based Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG). The data period covers 1978-2022 to capture long-term signals. There are significant changes in average temperature, average humidity and maximum humidity, duration of sunshine and wind speed. Rainfall variability is still within the natural range of regional climate. The study area in Borneo Island shows trends toward: a drier climate, increased radiation, weakened winds, and increased temperature variability. This combination has the potential to increase drought, water stress, and changes in the hydrological balance.

Keywords

Drought, Duration of sunshine, Humidity, Temperature, Wind speed.

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