Call For Paper - Upcoming Conferences
Research Article | Open Access | Download PDF
Volume 13 | Issue 4 | Year 2026 | Article Id. IJCSE-V13I4P101 | DOI : https://doi.org/10.14445/23488387/IJCSE-V13I4P101

An Intelligent Multi-Sensor Navigation Aid for Safe and Independent Mobility Among the Visually Impaired

Esther Sunanda Bandaru, M. Divya, L.V.L. Himani, M. Revathi, Sahukar Reshma, Kondeti Radha, Koppurotu Akhila, Surabattula Divya Sri, Tadi Sathwika

Received Revised Accepted Published
21 Feb 2026 28 Mar 2026 12 Apr 2026 27 Apr 2026

Citation :

Esther Sunanda Bandaru, M. Divya, L.V.L. Himani, M. Revathi, Sahukar Reshma, Kondeti Radha, Koppurotu Akhila, Surabattula Divya Sri, Tadi Sathwika, "An Intelligent Multi-Sensor Navigation Aid for Safe and Independent Mobility Among the Visually Impaired," International Journal of Computer Science and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 1-11, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488387/IJCSE-V13I4P101

Abstract

Every day, millions of people living with visual impairments rely on a simple white cane to move safely through the world. It has served its purpose for decades, but it only tells you what is directly in front of you. Everything else remains invisible: a puddle across the pavement, a sudden drop at a curb, a flight of stairs appearing without warning, or the terrifying moment of an unexpected fall. Rather than offering another incremental upgrade, MIRAI approaches assistive navigation differently. It identifies obstacles as they approach, recognizes water surfaces before contact, detects pits and steps in advance, and registers fall events the instant they happen. Real control is placed back in the user's hands — a deliberate shake gesture triggers an emergency alert immediately, while a single clap helps locate the device if misplaced. When a dangerous situation unfolds, MIRAI does not wait. It automatically sends the user's live GPS location by SMS to a trusted contact, ensuring help can arrive without delay. Clear voice alerts keep every interaction natural and easy to understand. MIRAI is not simply a device. It is a companion built around dignity, independence, and the deeply human need to move through the world without fear.

Keywords

Obstacle Detection, Fall Detection, Voice Alerts, GPS-GSM Emergency Communication, Gesture-Based SOS, Assistive Technology.

References

    1. Aditya Bilware et al., “AI-Based Object Detection, Distance Measurement and Speaking System for Blind Stick,” International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 162-172, 2024.
      [CrossRef] [      Publisher Link]
    2. Premarajan Akhil et al., “Smart Blind Walking Stick with Integrated Sensor,” Materials Proceedings, vol. 10, no. 1. pp. 1-7, 2022.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    3. Bashar Najjar Lubna Alazzawi, “Automotive Mobile Control System to Monitor Teen Driving Behaviour,” International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 8805-8811, 2016.
      [CrossRef] [      Publisher Link]
    4. Priyanka Bhosle et al., “Smart Navigation System Assistance for Visually Impaired People,” International Conference on Futuristic Technologies, pp 1-5, 2022.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    5. Rupert R.A. Bourne et al., “Magnitude, Temporal Trends, and Projections of the Global Prevalence of Blindness and Distance and Near Vision Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,” Lancet Glob Health, vol. 5, pp. e888-e897, 2017.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    6. Lekkala Mokshith Chowdary et al., “Android Based Smart Blind Stick Using Ultrasonic Sensor IoT,” International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation, vol. 8, no. 11, pp. 183-186, 2023.
      [      Publisher Link]
    7. Muhammad Siddique Farooq et al., “IoT Enabled Intelligent Stick for Visually Impaired People for Obstacle Recognition,” Sensors, vol. 22, no. 22, pp. 1-20, 2022.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    8. Sadik Kamel Gharghan et al., “Smart Stick Navigation System for Visually Impaired Based on Machine Learning Algorithms Using Sensors Data,” Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 1-27, 2024.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    9. Sameer Grover et al., “Smart Blind Stick,” International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 19-23, 2020.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    10. Sudeep Gupta et al., “Advanced Guide Cane for the Visually Impaired People,” 1st International Conference on Next Generation Computing Technologies, pp. 452-455, 2015.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    11. M.O.A. Javed et al., “Design and Development of Smart Blind Stick for Visually Impaired People,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 1305, pp. 1-13, 2024.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    12. K. Darshan, and A. Sathiya Priya “Standalone Wearable Fall Detection System Using ESP32 and GSM-Based Emergency Alerting,” International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 247-252, 2026.
      [CrossRef] [      Publisher Link]
    13. Barbara Leporini et al., “Towards a Haptic-based Virtual Cane to Assist Blind People in Obstacle Detection,” Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 10-13, 2023. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    14. Jack M. Loomis, Reginald G. Golledge, and Roberta L. Klatzky, “Navigation System for the Blind: Auditory Display Modes and Guidance,” Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 193-203, 1998.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    15. Shripad S. Bhatlawande, Jayant Mukhopadhyay, and Manjunatha Mahadevappa, “Ultrasonic Spectacles & Waist- Belt for Visually Impaired & Blind Person,” IOSR Journal of Engineering, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 46-49, 2014.
      [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    16. Amey Mali et al., “Smart Blind Assistant Stick,” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 110-119, 2025.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    17. S. Mann, “Wearable Computing: A First Step toward Personal Imaging,” Computer, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 25-32, 1997.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    18. Pooja Mind et al., “Smart Stick for Visually Impaired,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 196-198, 2021.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    19. GBSR. Naidu et al., “Smart Blind Stick for Visually Impaired People,” International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, vol. 12, no. 8, pp. c718-c725, 2025.
      [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    20. Nadia Nowshin et al., “An Intelligent Walking Stick for the Visually-Impaired People,” International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 94-101, 2017.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    21. Akansha Pathak et al., “Rapid Response Smart Blind Stick with Obstacle Detection Using Arduino,” International Journal of Technical Research & Science, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 14-17, 2021.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    22. A.S. Romadhon, and A.K.  Husein, “Smart Stick for the Blind Using Arduino,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1569, pp. 1-6, 2020.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    23. David A. Ross, and Bruce B. Blasch, “Wearable Interfaces for Orientation and Wayfinding,” Proceedings of the Fourth International ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies, pp. 193-200, 2000.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    24. R.P. Soundarya et al., “Smart Blind Stick using Arduino,” International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 229-232, 2020.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    25. R. Sathiyaseelan, and V.  Neethidevan, “IoT based Blind Stick,” International Journal of Health Sciences, vol. 6, no. S1, pp. 4491-4499, 2022.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    26. S. Pruthvi et al., “Smart Blind Stick using Artificial Intelligence,” International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, vol. 8, no. S5, pp. 19-22, 2019.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    27. Mikha Sinaga, Ayub Ibrahim, and Nita Sembiring, “Smart Assistive Stick with Arduino and Multidirectional Ultrasonic Sensors for Intelligent Obstacle Detection and Navigation,” CogITo Smart Journal, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 311-322, 2025.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    28. Shalini Singh, and Balwinder Singh, “Intelligent Walking Stick for Elderly and Blind People,” International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 19-22, 2020.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    29. Vishal Solanki et al., “A Research Paper on Smart Blind Stick,” International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 2691-2694, 2023.
      [CrossRef] [      Publisher Link]
    30. K.C.T. Swamy et al., “Development of Sophisticated Smart Blind Stick Using GSM and GPS,” Atlantis Press, pp. 11-17, 2023.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    31. Praveen Vashist et al., “Blindness and Visual Impairment and their Causes in India: Results of a Nationally Representative Survey,” PLoS ONE, vol. 17, pp. 1-14, 2022.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
    32. Jai Krishan Verma, Rajeev Kanday, and Sachin Gupta, “Design and Development of Clap Based Switch Regulator in Relation to Smart Home Applications,” E3S Web of Conferences, vol. 556, pp. 1-6, 2024.
      [CrossRef] [      Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]