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Volume 13 | Issue 7 | Year 2026 | Article Id. IJECE-V13I7P122 | DOI : https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V13I7P122

Hysteresis-Based Switching Design for Hybrid FSO-RF System using OptiSystem-MATLAB Co-Simulation

Shirley Musima, Kibet Langat, Nicholas Oyie

Received Revised Accepted Published
17 Mar 2026 21 Apr 2026 19 Jun 2026 29 Jul 2026

Citation :

Shirley Musima, Kibet Langat, Nicholas Oyie, "Hysteresis-Based Switching Design for Hybrid FSO-RF System using OptiSystem-MATLAB Co-Simulation," International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 311-322, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V13I7P122

Abstract

Hybrid FSO-RF communication systems improve link availability in high-capacity 5G-and-beyond wireless backhaul. However, practical deployment strongly depends on the choice of switching mechanism and the selection of suitable thresholds under varying atmospheric conditions. This paper implements a joint OptiSystem-MATLAB co-simulation framework for evaluating hysteresis-based switching in a hybrid FSO-RF system under the combined effects of atmospheric turbulence, fog and rainfall. The framework is used to assess outage performance and switching stability relative to conventional hard-switching approaches. Simulation results indicate an overall reduction of 99.49% in the outage fraction relative to the FSO-only link across the evaluated visibility conditions, while all the links maintain zero outage under the rainfall conditions considered. Additionally, the hysteresis-based switching reduces switching events by 22% relative to a single threshold switch while maintaining low outage probability. The obtained results quantify the impact of threshold selection on outage probability and switching rate under turbulence, fog and rainfall conditions.

Keywords

Atmospheric turbulence, Free-Space Optics, Hysteresis, Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Weather attenuation.

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