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Optimal Placement of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Electrical Radial Distribution Systems using Artificial Eagle Optimization Algorithm for Power Loss Minimization and Voltage Profile Improvement

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
© 2026 by SSRG - IJEEE Journal
Volume 13 Issue 3
Year of Publication : 2026
Authors : I. Narasimha Swamy, P. Ravi Babu, A. Jaylaxmi
10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V13I3P102
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How to Cite?

I. Narasimha Swamy, P. Ravi Babu, A. Jaylaxmi, "Optimal Placement of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Electrical Radial Distribution Systems using Artificial Eagle Optimization Algorithm for Power Loss Minimization and Voltage Profile Improvement," SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 13,  no. 3, pp. 11-22, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V13I3P102

Abstract:

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are rapidly becoming a mainstream option for road transport, largely because they can reduce the environmental impacts associated with conventional fuel-based vehicles. However, widespread EV adoption requires a dense network of charging stations, and the resulting charging demand can stress Radial Distribution Systems (RDS) through higher losses and weaker voltage profiles if stations are sited poorly. This paper addresses the EV Charging Station (EVCS) placement problem by searching for suitable buses and station sizes on standard IEEE 33- and 69-bus networks under practical operating constraints. A novel metaheuristic, the Artificial Eagle Optimization Algorithm (AEOA), is employed for multi-objective planning, balancing loss reduction and voltage quality indicators such as VSI and AVDI. The two-stage search behaviour of AEOA supports both exploration and fine exploitation, leading to fast and stable convergence. Performance is benchmarked against well-known methods, including ALO, FPA, HBA, and TLBO. Simulation results demonstrate that the AEOA-based planning strategy consistently yields improved voltage profiles and lower power losses, thereby supporting more reliable and secure operation of RDS under increasing EV penetration.

Keywords:

Radial Distribution Systems (RDS), Electric Vehicles (EVs), Charging Stations (CSs), Voltage Stability Index (VSI), Average Voltage Deviation Index (AVDI), and Artificial Eagle Optimization Algorithm (AEOA).

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