Citation :

Anoushka Poddar, "Preservation and Adaptation: Generational Perceptions of Women in Indian Mythology and Folklore," International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 59-75, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23942703/IJHSS-V13I3P106

Abstract

Myths and folktales are the basis of Indian society, and each region has its own tradition. They are passed down from generation to generation and carry values, represent culture, and propagate social norms. But the portrayal and depiction of women in these stories has always been dubious – sometimes a so-called "ideal" woman, or a victim of numerous archetypes found in today's media. This marginalisation is typically reduced in modern re-imaginings, and female characters are shown to be more nuanced and developed. This study was qualitative, interviewing six individuals from the older generation aged 45+ (3 men and 3 women), and six individuals were interviewed from the younger generation who were aged 16-28 (3 men and 3 women). The interviews were semi-structured. The interviews were audio recorded and then thematically analysed to identify key findings regarding the changes in the portrayal of women in myths and folktales and different generations' perceptions of the same. There were 23 themes and 78 codes across the two tables. Results indicated that nearly all the participants felt the evolving image of women was an improvement from the past and represented newer social values. They agreed that myths and folktales have a significant influence on perceptions of women and thus need to be better represented in an empowering and accurate manner. Participants were particularly interested in the significance of relatable, meaningful, and balanced retellings, able to highlight preservation and adaptation of older narratives. This research finds that this balance is essential in making myths and folktales more accessible, easier to engage with, and culturally empowering while also still facilitating the retention of their historical and cultural essence.

Keywords

Folklore, Mythology, Female Representation, Stereotypes, Gender Differences, Generational Gap.

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