Knowledge and Utilization of E-Motive in the Management of Postpartum Haemorrhage amongst Midwives in St Philomena Catholic Hospital, Benin City, Edo State
| International Journal of Nursing and Health Science |
| © 2026 by SSRG - IJNHS Journal |
| Volume 12 Issue 1 |
| Year of Publication : 2026 |
| Authors : Ngozi Rosemary OSUNDE, Clinton Oghosasere EGHAREVBA, Itohan Cynthia ODIGIE, Charity EGUAKUN, Roseline Avedaoya OKHAISE, Ngozi Rosemary OSUNDE |
10.14445/24547484/IJNHS-V12I1P101
How to Cite?
Ngozi Rosemary OSUNDE, Clinton Oghosasere EGHAREVBA, Itohan Cynthia ODIGIE, Charity EGUAKUN, Roseline Avedaoya OKHAISE, Ngozi Rosemary OSUNDE, "Knowledge and Utilization of E-Motive in the Management of Postpartum Haemorrhage amongst Midwives in St Philomena Catholic Hospital, Benin City, Edo State," SSRG International Journal of Nursing and Health Science, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1-9, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/24547484/IJNHS-V12I1P101
Abstract:
Background: Postpartum Haemorrhage (PPH) continues to be a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its severity is mostly evident in low and middle-income settings such as Nigeria. To strengthen early detection and timely management of PPH, the World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the E-MOTIVE bundle. This study examined the knowledge and utilization of the E-MOTIVE protocol in the management of postpartum haemorrhage among midwives at St. Philomena Catholic Hospital, Benin City, Edo State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used for the study, and data were collected from 97 midwives using a structured questionnaire. Instrument reliability was established using a test–retest method, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.82 for the knowledge section and 0.79 for the utilization section, while test–retest reliability over a two-week interval yielded a correlation coefficient of r = 0.84. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for data analysis; Descriptive statistics summarized respondents’ knowledge and utilization patterns, while inferential statistics, which included Chi-square tests at a 0.05 level of significance and binary logistic regression analysis, were conducted to examine the influence of midwives’ knowledge and institutional factors on utilization of the E-MOTIVE protocol. Findings: Respondents exhibited a high level of knowledge of the E-MOTIVE bundle, with a composite mean score of 4.34 ± 0.89, while utilization levels were moderate (mean = 3.77 ± 1.16). Most participants were female (93.8%) and within the age group of 31 40 years (44.3%), which reflects an active and experienced workforce. Key barriers to optimal E-MOTIVE utilization included lack of training (mean = 4.19 ± 0.97), inadequate resources (mean = 4.17 ± 1.00), and shortage of skilled personnel (mean = 4.15 ± 0.95). A statistically significant relationship was observed between knowledge and utilization (χ² = 18.64, df = 4, p = 0.001), which indicates that higher knowledge promotes better implementation. Conclusion: Although midwives showed strong knowledge of the E-MOTIVE protocol, its utilization remains moderate due to systemic and infrastructural challenges. Regular simulation-based training, improved resources, and stronger institutional enforcement are needed to enhance maternal outcomes and reduce the related mortality associated with postpartum hemorrhage.
Keywords:
E-MOTIVE, Knowledge, Maternal Health, Midwives, Postpartum Hemorrhage, and Utilization.
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