Enhanced Resource Allocation Mechanism for LoRaWAN in IoT Applications
| International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering |
| © 2025 by SSRG - IJECE Journal |
| Volume 12 Issue 6 |
| Year of Publication : 2025 |
| Authors : Ameer M.Aboud, Bayan M.Sabbar |
10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V12I6P114
How to Cite?
Ameer M.Aboud, Bayan M.Sabbar, "Enhanced Resource Allocation Mechanism for LoRaWAN in IoT Applications," SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 184-194, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V12I6P114
Abstract:
Long Range Wide Area Networks have recently gained major relevance in Internet of Things applications because of their broad coverage and minimal power consumption. It employs an energy-effective Adaptive Data Rate to organize assists of resources like Transmit Power and Spreading Factor to numerous End Devices. We present a Network server-controlled adaptive data rate system, specifically the Savitzky-Golay filter, to mitigate rapid variations in signal-noise ratio. According to the simulation outcomes, the suggested approach improves the average packet delivery ratio by 129.8 % and 85.2 % for single and two gateways in an urban scenario and 46.1% and 14.6% for the sub-urban scenario. The total network energy expenditure was reduced by 3% for a single gateway, 15.89 % for two gateways in the urban scenario and 4.73% and 11.32 for single and two gateways in the sub-urban scenario.
Keywords:
Adaptive data rate, LoRaWAN, Resource allocation, Spreading Factor, Transmission power.
References:
[1] Fatima Zahra Mardi et al., “Resource Allocation for LoRaWAN Network Slicing: Multi-Armed Bandit-Based Approaches,” Internet of Things, vol. 26, pp. 1-10, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[2] Kais Mekki et al., “A Comparative Study of LPWAN Technologies for Large-Scale IoT Deployment,” ICT Express, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1-7, 2019.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[3] Jetmir Haxhibeqiri et al., “A Survey of LoRaWAN for IoT: From Technology to Application,” Sensors, vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 1-38, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[4] Jonathan de Carvalho Silva et al., “LoRaWAN - A Low Power WAN Protocol for Internet of Things: A Review and Opportunities,” 2017 2nd International Multidisciplinary Conference on Computer and Energy Science (SpliTech), Split, Croatia, pp. 1-6, 2017.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[5] Felipe S. Dantas Silva et al., “A Survey on Long-Range Wide-Area Network Technology Optimizations,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 106079-106106, 2021.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[6] LoRaWAN 1.0.4 Specification Package, LoRa Alliance, pp. 1-90, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://lora-alliance.org/resource_hub/lorawan-104-specification-package/
[7] Rachel Kufakunesu, Gerhard P Hancke, and Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz, “Towards Achieving an Efficient ADR Scheme for LoRaWAN: A Review of the Constrained Optimisation Approach,” Southern Africa Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference, KwaZulu-Natal, South, 2021.
[Google Scholar]
[8] Daniele Croce et al., “Impact of LoRa Imperfect Orthogonality: Analysis of Link-Level Performance,” IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 796-799, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[9] T.S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, 2nd ed., Pearson Education India, pp. 1-736, 2001.
[Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[10] Rachel Kufakunesu, Gerhard P. Hancke, and Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz, “A Survey on Adaptive Data Rate Optimization in LoRaWAN: Recent Solutions and Major Challenges,” Sensors, vol. 20, no. 18, pp. 1-25, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[11] Mariusz Slabicki, Gopika Premsankar, and Mario Di Francesco, “Adaptive Configuration of Lora Networks for Dense IoT Deployments,” 2018 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium, Taipei, Taiwan, pp. 1-9, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[12] Jin-Taek Lim, and Youngnam Han, “Spreading Factor Allocation for Massive Connectivity in LoRa Systems,” IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 800-803, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[13] Francesca Cuomo et al., “EXPLoRa: Extending the Performance of LoRa by Suitable Spreading Factor Allocations,” 2017 IEEE 13th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), Rome, Italy, pp. 1-8, 2017.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[14] Jaber Babaki, Mehdi Rasti, and Rojin Aslani, “Dynamic Spreading Factor and Power Allocation of Lora Networks for Dense IoT Deployments,” 2020 IEEE 31st Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, London, UK, pp. 1-6, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[15] Raouf Kerkouche et al., “Node-Based Optimization of LoRa Transmissions with Multi-Armed Bandit Algorithms,” 2018 25th International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT), Saint-Malo, France, pp. 521-526, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[16] Brecht Reynders et al., “Improving Reliability and Scalability of LoRaWANs through Lightweight Scheduling,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 1830-1842, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[17] Rachel Kufakunesu, Gerhard P. Hancke, and Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz, “Collision Avoidance Adaptive Data Rate Algorithm for LoRaWAN,” Future Internet, vol. 16, no. 10, pp. 1-19, 2024.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[18] Arshad Farhad et al., “Enhanced LoRaWAN Adaptive Data Rate for Mobile Internet of Things Devices,” Sensors, vol. 20, no. 22, pp. 1-21, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[19] Hiba Dakdouk et al., “Massive Multi-Player Multi-Armed Bandits for IoT Networks: An Application on LoRa Networks,” Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 151, 2023.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[20] Martin C. Bor et al., “Do LoRa Low-Power Wide-Area Networks Scale?,” Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, Malta, Europe, pp. 59-67, 2016.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[21] Juha Petajajarvi et al., “On the Coverage of LPWANs: Range Evaluation and Channel Attenuation Model for LoRa Technology,” 2015 14th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST), Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 55-59, 2015.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[22] OM Vyznuk, VB Baliar, and O.V. Osharovska, “Noise Reduction with the Savitsky-Goley Filter in Non-Invasive Human Health Monitoring,” Scientific Works of ONAS Named after A.S. Popov, no. 2, pp. 128-134, 2018.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[23] Mohammad Sadeghi, Fereidoon Behnia, and Rouhollah Amiri, “Window Selection of the Savitzky–Golay Filters for Signal Recovery from Noisy Measurements,” IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 69, no. 8, pp. 5418-5427, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]
[24] Nahina Islam, Biplob Ray, and Faezeh Pasandideh, “IoT Based Smart Farming: Are the LPWAN Technologies Suitable for Remote Communication?,” 2020 IEEE International Conference on Smart Internet of Things (SmartIoT), Beijing, China, pp. 270-276, 2020.
[CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [Publisher Link]