Utilizing Cow Bone Ash (CBA) as Partial Replacement for Cement in Highway Rigid Pavement Construction

International Journal of Civil Engineering

© 2018 by SSRG - IJCE Journal

Volume 5 Issue 2

Year of Publication : 2018

Authors : Olutaiwo A.O., Yekini Olalekan Sefiu, Ezegbunem Ikechukwu I.

10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V5I2P104

How to Cite?

Olutaiwo A.O., Yekini Olalekan Sefiu, Ezegbunem Ikechukwu I., "Utilizing Cow Bone Ash (CBA) as Partial Replacement for Cement in Highway Rigid Pavement Construction," SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 5,  no. 2, pp. 13-19, 2018. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V5I2P104

Abstract:

Slump, compressive strength and flexural strength tests were conducted on concrete to investigate the possible use of Cow Bone Ash (CBA) as partial replacement for cement in rigid pavement construction. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was replaced with CBA in the percentages of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40% and 50%. The chemical analysis conducted on the cow bone ash, showed that the summation of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 was less than 70%, thereby making the CBA used non-pozzolanic. However, the high proportion of CaO in its composition makes it an effective additive for concrete construction. A total of 108 cubes and 54 beams were produced using a mix proportion of 1: 0.8: 2.4 with water-cement ratio of 0.35. The cube and beam samples were water-cured and tested to determine their compressive strength at 7, 28, 56 and 90 days; also, their flexural strength at 7 and 28 days were determined. The results obtained showed that workability increased as percentage replacement of cement with CBA increased. The results of the compressive and flexural strength revealed that concrete containing 20% Cow Bone Ash (replacement) content was satisfactorily adequate for rigid pavement construction. There was early gain in strength and gradual increment in strength with time and this was statistically confirmed using ANOVA. The comparative cost analysis showed a cost reduction of about 9.65% when compared to conventional concrete which could result to a potential annual saving of over One Hundred Billion Naira.

Keywords:

Cow Bone Ash, Pozzolans, Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Rigid Pavement Construction.

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