Energy-Efficient Routing Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Swarm Intelligence

International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering

© 2025 by SSRG - IJECE Journal

Volume 12 Issue 12

Year of Publication : 2025

Authors : B. Sobhan Babu, Inderpreet Kaur, M. Hema Kumar, D. Kalaiyarasi, K. Sambath Kumar, P. Janaki Ramal

10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V12I12P103

How to Cite?

B. Sobhan Babu, Inderpreet Kaur, M. Hema Kumar, D. Kalaiyarasi, K. Sambath Kumar, P. Janaki Ramal, "Energy-Efficient Routing Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Swarm Intelligence," SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 12,  no. 12, pp. 22-28, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/IJECE-V12I12P103

Abstract:

WSNs have become significant in contemporary applications in the field of environmental monitoring, health care, and industrial automation. But these are limited by the fact that they are not powerful enough. In order to achieve a longer life span of networks and to ensure that data is delivered with greater reliability, there is a need to design routing protocols that are less energy-consuming. The paper suggests a new swarm intelligence routing algorithm, which combines both adaptive clustering and energy-efficient route optimization to optimize intra- and inter-cluster communication. The proposed approach is founded on the way swarm agents work in concert and modify routing decisions by residual energy, communication cost, and node density to maintain the energy consumption of the network within reasonable bounds. The simulation findings prove that our method enhances both the network lifetime and the ratio of packet delivery, achieves a throughput better than the traditional protocols, and minimizes the quantity of control overhead. This single-method design offers a resource-limited and rigorous scheme of resource-limited WSNs, which makes it especially suitable for realistic applications in energy-sensitive scenarios.

Keywords:

Routing That Uses Less Energy, Swarm Intelligence, Clustering, Routing That Takes Energy into Account, The Lifespan of a Network.

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