Citation :

Vinitkumar Jayaprakash Dongre, Samita Kiran Bhandari, Kiran R. Rathod, Priya Chimurkar, "Frequency Reconfigurable Helical Loaded Hexagonal Cavity-Backed Antenna for Wideband Applications," International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 97-104, 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V13I4P107

Abstract

Helical antenna is prominently used in wireless communication due to the prominent properties of helical antenna with reference to the gain, polarization, and simpler geometry. In this paper, the work is focused on the frequency reconfiguration capability of the helically loaded hexagonal cavity-backed antenna. The optimization of helical antenna physical parameters is carried out in this research. The helical antenna parameters taken into consideration are bandwidth, gain, and radiation pattern in the 3–10 GHz frequency range. Frequency reconfiguration is achieved by using a Varactor diode, which gives the dynamic frequency variation of the resonance frequency of the helical-loaded hexagonal cavity-backed antenna. The proposed antenna provides multiband frequency operation in dynamic mode for wireless applications. The varactor diode demonstrates the frequency-shifting capabilities by increasing the electrical length of the antenna. By integrating the diode between two turns of the helical antenna, the antenna resonating frequencies are shifted from higher frequency operation bands toward lower frequency bands. The four resonance frequencies, 5.68 GHz, 6.99 GHz, 8.85 GHz, and 9.49 GHz, are shifted to lower frequencies of 3.90 GHz, 5.75 GHz, 6.85 GHz, and 9.63 GHz by integrating a varactor diode. The additional four resonance frequency bands are achieved, and that is on the lower frequency side.

Keywords

Helical Antenna, Frequency Reconfiguration, Varactor Diode, Circular Polarization, Wideband Antenna.

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