Anatomical Studies on the Thyroid Gland of One-Humped Camel (Camelus Dromedarius) found in Nigeria-Niger Boarder Region
| International Journal of Veterinary Science |
| © 2022 by SSRG - IJVS Journal |
| Volume 8 Issue 2 |
| Year of Publication : 2022 |
| Authors : U-F. A. Mahe, S. B. Oladele, L. H. Adamu |
10.14445/24550868/IJVS-V8I2P101
How to Cite?
U-F. A. Mahe, S. B. Oladele, L. H. Adamu, "Anatomical Studies on the Thyroid Gland of One-Humped Camel (Camelus Dromedarius) found in Nigeria-Niger Boarder Region," SSRG International Journal of Veterinary Science, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1-14, 2022. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/24550868/IJVS-V8I2P101
Abstract:
Thirty-one-humped camels, with an equal number of males and females, were grouped into three: juvenile (Group A), adult (Group B), and old ages (Group C), and were used for the study. The gross anatomical studies showed that the one-humped camel's thyroid gland was a paired-lobe, lengthy organ with blood supply from superior, middle, and inferior thyroid arteries. The morphometric measurements, especially the weight of the thyroid gland in a one-humped camel, were directly proportional to the age of the camels. In contrast, the concentration of the thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) was inversely proportional to the age and weight of the thyroid gland in the indigenous one-humped camel. The Histochemical studies revealed the presence of follicular and parafollicular cells in all the groups, appearances of numerous vacuolated colloids in the follicles, and the follicular cells showed apoptosis in the older camels. The results demonstrated the anatomical features of the thyroid gland in one-humped camel and its correlations with its follicular cells and T3 and T4 hormones concentrations, and with age, were mostly closer to humans than most domestic animals and rodents, which suggests that one-humped camel will be a good experimental research animal model for human thyroid gland experiments in understanding the etiology and possible solution to human hyper and hypothyroidism and other related diseases. Similarly, this study will enhance the provision of basic and clinical information on endocrinology and related research fields, such as animal breeding and biotechnology, and in supporting United Nations sustainable development goals advocated by Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO, 2007) for preventing further desert encroachment in the sub-Saharan African countries like Nigeria, due to dromedary's suitability in mitigating drought, and its unique endurance traits and economic importance. The study can be improved by including a stereological study to determine cell density and population between age groups and sex and by employing transmission electron microscopy study to observe the cell organelles further and find age and sex differences.
Keywords:
Thyroid Gland, Follicular Cells, Parafollicular cells, Thyroid Morphometry, Thyroid Histochemistry, Camel Triiodothyronine, Camel Tetraiodothyronine, One-humped Camel.
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