Adaptive Morphologies of Stilt Settlements in Flood Prone of Sempaja, Samarinda Indonesia

International Journal of Civil Engineering

© 2025 by SSRG - IJCE Journal

Volume 12 Issue 6

Year of Publication : 2025

Authors : Mulyadi, Triyatni Martosenjoyo, Idawarni Asmal, Edward Syarif

10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V12I6P105

How to Cite?

Mulyadi, Triyatni Martosenjoyo, Idawarni Asmal, Edward Syarif, "Adaptive Morphologies of Stilt Settlements in Flood Prone of Sempaja, Samarinda Indonesia," SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 12,  no. 6, pp. 51-62, 2025. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23488352/IJCE-V12I6P105

Abstract:

This study investigates the morphological evolution and adaptation strategies of stilt-house settlements in the flood-prone of Sempaja, Samarinda, Indonesia. Combining spatial GIS analysis, field surveys, and socio-economic assessments, the study examines how these vernacular structures have changed in response to environmental pressures, urbanization, and policy interventions. Findings reveal that sedimentation (100-120 cm over 20 years) and increased flood frequency (1-2 events per year) have necessitated significant architectural adaptations, including raised stilts (from 60-130 to 170-270 cm) and a material transition from traditional ironwood to modern composites. The study identified distinct socio-economic stratifications in adaptive capacity, with middle/upper-income households (65.9%) adopting more durable modifications than low-income groups (28.6%) constrained by financial constraints. The impact of urbanization is evident through settlement expansion (331%) and densification (5 to 21 units/hectare). The Government’s river normalization policy proved effective in reducing flooding events. This study contributes to the global discussion on climate-resilient vernacular architecture by proposing a framework for equitable adaptation that integrates environmental management, community participation, and policy support. These insights offer valuable lessons for flood-prone settlements in tropical wetland areas worldwide.

Keywords:

Stilt-house settlements, Urban morphology, Flood resilience, Socio-economic disparity, River normalization.

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